4G is Fourth Generation Technology as we all know. Expansion of the 3G technology is the 4G technology and the 4G propose further bandwidth and services. In fact none the right definition of 4G is not known to anyone. A quantity of people says that it is the upcoming technologies that are in their maturity period. In fact the high quality video streaming and the high quality audio in internet protocol through end to end process is provided by 4G technology. If Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia sub-system movement attains anything it ought to do, then nothing of this is considered. More progressively WiMAX or mobile structural design will become transparent, and for this reason the architecture approval by an exact network operator will become more universal.
UMTS, OFDM, SDR, TD-SCDMA, MIMO and WiMAX are the equipments that fall in 4G groups. High data which will create and build new telecommunications services are provided by 4G for the latest development style and market scenario. When the 4G networks are coupled with mobile phones, high resolution cameras and high definition competence will facilitate video blogs. 4G technology permits the computer anywhere after successful implementation. It can work with high speed networks in geographical areas. To ensure a secure connection and cross network traffic and bandwidth different network operators are used like networks without wire and network technologies.
A number of companies are trying 4G mobile communication for mobile applications in the 100 Mbps and up to 1 Gbps. 4G mobile technology for communication is based on the work of the company's activeness. To launch the 4G WiMAX mobile broadband network in the United States, Sprint Nextel Corporation has made some plans. Few years ago number of urbanized countries such as Britain has announced a plan to sell the frequency of 4G mobile by sale.
Architecture of 4G:
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In present age faster communication is the main priority. We want the data to be transferred quickly. Distant data sharing becomes very important in business. Actually speaking 4G technology which is the fourth generation technology is used to transfer data with security. Security is also considered in 4G. Two technologies which are basic features of 4G are listed below
WiMAX
LTE
ITU promotes the technologies against the defragmentation and incompatibilities in 4G technologies. WiMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access has previously worked as a fixed wireless band under 802.16e. Now the 802.16m standard was developed with the characteristics of speed, wide-ranging, and 4G band has an increasing advantage of the WiMAX IEEE, it introduces as a product and then already releases it like no economic need to pay for its price production. 4G supports two basic equipment which is given, they are (The network infrastructure) System for network for WiMax and mobile phone set.
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Standard Architecture for WiMax.
We shall analyze a network of WiMax. As we discussed before network of WiMax is based on three of the four basic components such as AS gateways, CSN and MS. For IP-based network is the center core, which is surrounded by Gateway of ASN which is connected to the services of network or CSN. To the Internet backbone of assistance and insurance IP core is attached. WiMax networks are also part of the network of ISP is called the port service access. The ASN is a base station which handles the micro and macro, which offers WiMax access to end users. Important part of the WiMax architecture is service connection or CSN which provides user authentication for the devices. For providing roaming between network service providers CSN is important. The CSN is also responsible for safety for users and quality of service to do this, it uses multiple protocols. The NSA manages the IP addresses administration. IP is between the CSN and the ASN.
CSN provides Internet and telecommunication connectivity. ASP communication with the base station and mobile station. According to users WiMax architecture can still have a firewall for security. WiMax architecture is so decided by the end user can modify.
Two Dimensions of WiMax Network:
WiMax tower and the WiMax receiver are the two parts of WiMax network.A fibre optic wired connection is used to connect WiMax tower straight away to the internet backbone. An unseen line or line of site link may also be used to connect WiMax to the tower. A fixed antenna or dish is used for the line of site communication. Connecting line of site is regarded as stable and stronger connection, so that data could be sent in a bulk without any mistake. For doing this, it utilizes 66 GHz frequency. More bandwidth could be provided with the aid of high frequency. It also blocks interference and reduces possibility of week signal.
On your own thinking, the line of site connection does not provide connectivity with the installation of small antenna. A low frequency range from 2GHz to 11GHz model do not cause blocks due to any distruction.Hence a quality service could be provided in this signal strength. With the aid of fast wired connection link should be given between the WiMax connectivity. The latest wireless backbone available in the shop is the 4G phones. These phones could access the connectivity wherever you go as they are wireless. It will not scare us by giving the bad experience of using the connection during the travel from one tower to another tower range. The internet is balanced or optimized due to the IP wireless connectivity. It replaces circuit switching in the place of voice over packet switching. The trust and the speed of sending data are high as internet connectivity is there with specific IP.
The internet first receives the message at home processes and spread the message which is been send through a mobile to the WiMax network.The problem faced by the spectrum bandwidth and the data are not faced here, instead the transmission is very fast. Through internet the specific data is collected and required reduction is done in bandwidth, if the spectrum is not wide. The worries of sending and receiving the amount of data are used due to this 4G.The fear of lower bandwidth and narrow spectrum or also not an issue as 4G is a boon. The technology in 4G facilitates so that WiMax high speed data transfer could be done with the large amount of data, which were not possible in the previous generation.
LTE (long Term evolution) has come as a contemporary partner to WiMax in Verizon. This LTE is known for the fastest data transfer using both the ways.LTE is supported with internet facility. LTE is build with the radio waves could switch from one mode to another mode. This not only facilitates the speed. It also increases the amount of data sent or received which caters in a low budget
This LTE could work with the same configuration and provide more speed without any new network, though it is compatible with 3G.LTE not only posses the features of 3G, it also has some additional latest features along with it. The base station network overloading is avoided and negative effects are nullified as LTE is using MIMO (Multiple Outputs Multiple Inputs)
The Basic Outline of 4G:http://clear-cloud.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/wimax-road-to-4g-mobile-technology.jpg
It is believed to incorporate functionality in the set of IP for security reasons, such as higher rates of data are sent and received over the phone using the 4G mobile technology.
The 4G mobile technology will be able to download at speeds of 100 Mbps, such as mobile access and less than 1 Gbps for the mobility of wireless local access
Instead of hybrid technology used in 3G with the combination of IS-95 CDMA and OFDMA technology, has introduced a new 4G.
In OFDMA, the concept is a new division multiple access, but this is neither the time nor the code as TDMA CDMA rather divided frequency domain equalization process symbolizes how OFDMA.
CDMA sends data through a channel, but with the division of time into three slots. While CDMA sends data through a channel that identifies the receiver with the help of the code. Whereas in 4G mobile OFDMA technology is going to introduce that sends packets of data, dividing the channel in a narrow band for more efficient and has a prominent element of 4G mobile technologies.
IEEE 802.16m is processing for IEE802.16e which includes the brand define it as WMBA 4G (Mobile Broadband Wireless Access). This is a clear indicator for the availability internet. The implementation is in progress in order to avoid interference call in case of transferring data from a website. It will offer 128 Mbps downlink and uplink data rate 56Mbps data rate which is an additional step in ordinary 4G mobile technology. The service will limit the availability of hotspots is provided for Internet connectivity.
Parallel with WiMAX, LTE is designed to incorporate in 4G cellular. It’s also a technology for wireless broadband access. The difference between WiMAX and LTE LTE is that it applies to the IP address. Hence the / same concept inherited from the TCP IP network technology. Limited to IP addresses that will provide greater security as well as high portability of data, to avoid latency, having the ability to adjust the bandwidth. LTE is compatible with so able to go back in data between the two CDMA networks.
Organization 3GPP is introducing two major wireless standards, and LTE IEEE802.16m. Ex has granted permission for the further process, while the second test and that will become part of 4G mobile technology.
IPv6 was adopted by Verizon as the 4G standard in June 2009.
Working principle of the 4G Mobile Technology:
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In style 4G mobile IP, each mobile is assigned a permanent address "home" IP, along with an address care that is his real position. When a computer somewhere on the Internet to communicate with the phone, sends a packet to the first address of the phone. A directory server on your home network so the address through a tunnel, like a regular mobile IP. However, the server directory also sends a message to the computer informed him of the correct care of address, so that future packets can be directly sent. This should allow you to download HTTP and TCP sessions to be maintained as users move between different types of networks. Because of the many addresses and multiple layers of subnetting, for this type of mobility IPV6 is necessary.
Application of 4G:
Virtual Presence: 4G mobile system offers users a "virtual presence"- for example, connections which is persistent that prevents people involved in commercial activities, whether they are on or off.
Virtual navigation: A remote database contains the graphical representation of streets, buildings, and physical characteristics of a great metropolis. Blocks of this database are transmitted in rapid sequence on a vehicle in which a rendering program permits the occupants to see the environment.
Tele-medicine: 4G will support remote monitoring of patients' health. For example, the nurse assisting the victim of a traffic accident in a remote location to access patient records and may need assistance videoconferencing by a surgeon for an operation of an emergency. The nurse may need to relay back in the hospital the victim x-rays taken at the local level.
Tele-geoprocessing applications: Geographical information (GIS) systems, global positioning system (GPS), and high-capacity wireless mobile systems will enable a new type of application in conjunction geoprocessing sent away.
Education: Throughout learning educational interested in providing remote access to Broadband Internet to customers in the areas due to economic infeasibility will not be available on the Internet offer opportunities for individuals. 4G wireless communication in these situations is a viable option.
Suggestions:
We would like to give the following suggestions for the development of 4G mobile technologies:
4G Technologies as a more flexible network that is integrated within the network so that we grow old scarp does not apply to the next generation network, for generations to come must be developed.
A major challenge for the development of technology for building high-quality system appropriate human resources. Larger organization, which is engaged in the development of software and systems increasingly better manpower and knowledge management should be to tie-ups with educational institutions.
4G mobile multimedia that will support us talk about but in reality people watch TV while they're not going to walk on the road. Similarly, people with Coca-Cola vending machines on a cell phone will not buy. Come often vendor associations conjured services for the engineering has little to do with reality.
Conclusion:
Mobile communications have been rapid advances in technology and their impact is often in ways and places beyond imagination reveal themselves by their inventors. Policy-based management and model concepts, hierarchical mobile IPv6 and AAA, pricing and flexible billing plans, potential negotiation process, and last but not least, open, technology independent API 4G mobile systems are all important building blocks. Properly combined, aforementioned technology, the 4G system architecture that will far cry from its predecessors can support seamless.
