The purpose of the following policy shall be to establish guidelines cooperating and reporting incidents involving homeland security issues as well as raising the awareness of employees and the public regarding issues involving homeland security. This policy shall apply to all members of the Mayberry Police Department.
Terrorism -- calculated use of violence or threats of violence to obtain goals that are political, religious, or ideological in nature. This can be accomplished through intimidation, coercion, the use of violence or by instilling fear. Terrorism includes a criminal act against person's property that is intended to influence an audience beyond the immediate victims.
Critical Facility -- Infrastructures deemed to be so vital that the incapacity or destruction of critical components within them would have a debilitating impact by adversely threatening the ability of the governing authority to provide essential services and emergency assistance.
Homeland Security Advisory System -- The President of the United States established a National Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS). The HSAS is designed to disseminate information to State and Local authorities regarding the risk of terrorist acts and is comprised of five "threat conditions" or levels. As the threat level rises, the risk of terrorist attack increases. The threat levels include:
Threat Condition Red: Imminent Risk of Terrorist Attack
Threat Condition Orange: High Risk of Terrorist Attack
Threat Condition Yellow: Significant Risk of Attack
Threat Condition Blue: General Risk of Terrorist Attack
Threat Condition Green: Low Risk of Terrorist Attack
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) -- Any weapon or device that is intended, or has the capability, to cause death or serious bodily injury to a significant number of people through the release, dissemination, or impact of biological, nuclear/radiological, incendiary, chemical, or explosive agents/devices.
Chemical Incident -- Involves use of chemical agents that are intentionally released to produce death, injury, or terror.
Biological Incident -- Involves use of micro-organisms or toxins derived from living organisms to produce death or disease in humans, animals, or plants.
Radiological Incident -- Involves the release of ionizing radiation into the atmosphere such as from a "dirty bomb" or other radiological dispersion device or fallout from a nuclear attack.
Nuclear Incident -- Involves the detonation of a nuclear device and results in an unrestrained fission reaction that causes blast damage.
Explosives Incident -- Involves the detonation of explosives causing death, injury, and/or terror.
Hostage Taking Incident -- Involve the taking of hostages to further terrorize the community and attempt to force government or private action.
Incendiary Incident -- Involves intentional and/or deliberate ignition of combustible materials designed to start fires.
Cold Zone -- The outer boundary of an emergency incident and the area of the least potential for contaminant exposure to workers and others. This area is often intended as a buffer area to keep non-responders at a safe distance away from the incident.
Warm Zone -- Zone containing some potential for contaminant exposure to workers and is the zone that contains the decontamination area. The decontamination activity is located on the upwind and upgrade side and extends from the Hot Zone to the Cold Zone. This area may also be used to support responders with miscellaneous equipment needs (e.g., air canisters, personal protection equipment (PPEs), etc.). Personnel inside this zone must wear protective equipment.
Hot Zone -- Zone containing the greatest degree of threat to responders and requires the highest level of personal protection equipment. This area will be clearly marked with crime scene tape or a satisfactory substitute by properly equipped personnel. Exit from the Hot Zone is accomplished only after thorough decontamination. Responders must wear protective equipment while in this zone.
III. General Policy
A. The Mayberry Police Department is committed to the protection and safety of the citizens of Mayberry and the many people who visit or travel through our city. The cooperation and collaboration of city officials, city departments, county, state, and federal government agencies, hospitals, private agencies, community leaders and neighboring communities is critical to achieving public safety.
IV Training
A. Agency Personnel will receive training on the Incident Command System of operations management as needed. All personnel will receive National Incident Management System (NIMS) training consistent with their rank and departmental needs.
B. All members of the Mayberry Police Department will receive hazardous materials awareness training every five (5) years which is designated for first responders. This training will be provided by the Mayberry Fire Department. This training provides the members with an understanding of basic self protection measures for themselves and others, while being able to protect the scene and controlling the area to prevent unauthorized or unknowing persons from entering into a possible contamination zone. (CALEA: LE 46.3.4)
V. Procedures
A. Threat Assumptions
In order to formulate realistic terrorist prevention measures, certain planning assumptions about the nature of a terrorist threat were identified. The following represent what is most likely to threats:
1. The most likely terrorist threat is from domestic groups and from individuals acting alone and independent of outside direction and control. The motivations of such groups or individuals are extensive. They range from those associated with right and left wing extremists; those adherents of a radical political agenda; those linked to various religious beliefs; those whose inspiration comes from racial hatred or sexual intolerance; or the promoters of single interests, such as extreme environmental or animal rights causes.
2. Mayberry is not a primary target of international terrorist organizations. Due to the absence of any "high value" targets of strategic significance and lack of any major population centers, that if attacked, could seriously impact the nations' political, economic, commercial, or social well being, there is little attraction to international terrorist groups. However, by virtue of its location within the metropolitan area and because of the existence of a major north/south interstate highway, the possibility remains that our roadways could be used as travel routes, or local facilities could be employed as potential staging areas, for international terrorists that may target other, more lucrative sites in the area.
3. The primary threat to the area from weapons of mass destruction (WMD) will most likely occur from individual actors who employ explosives or incendiary devices to achieve their unique objectives. However, because of our proximity to large metropolitan cities, the area may suffer from the secondary effects of various chemical, biological, or radiological weapons if used on a large scale basis by terrorist organizations elsewhere. There is the possibility of product or food contamination even if committed long distances from the Department's jurisdiction. Likewise, because of major ground transportation routes, there is always the threat of a significant HazMat situation that could result from the premature detonation of a WMD device or from an accidental discharge of hazardous materials in transit.
B. High Risk Targets
The ability of the governing authority to provide essential and emergency services is dependent upon the degree to which the critical facilities within the city remain operational. Although there may be many potential targets within the area that may be attractive to terrorists, only those entities associated with Mayberry's infrastructure are considered critical and therefore pose a high level of risk to the welfare of the general population if they were destroyed or severely damaged. The categories of activities comprising the critical infrastructure are:
1. Electrical power system which includes the transmission and distribution network that supplies electricity to private, commercial, and public customers;
2. Petroleum systems which include the storage of refined petroleum fuels and natural/propane gas and pipeline transmission for the delivery of services to end-users;
3. Telecommunications which includes the networks, equipment, and other resources for the processing, storage, and transmission of voice, data, and video information;
4. Emergency services which include law enforcement, fire, rescue, emergency management, medical assistance, and specialized response teams;
5. Transportation network which includes the ground, rail, and air facilities used to sustain the delivery of raw materials, products, and people;
6. Water supply system which includes water sources and intake, reservoirs, treatment and holding facilities, pumping stations, pipelines, and waste removal for firefighting, residential, commercial, and industrial use;
7. Public health and medical treatment, which include all emergency, primary, secondary, and long-term medical service delivery activities.
C. Threat Conditions and Responses
1. Only the Chief of Police or designee can impose additional security measures in responses to announced homeland security threat conditions. This system will function in conjunction with the City's Emergency Operations Plan. Regardless of the announced threat condition, the Department must continue to provide law enforcement and jail services.
2. The agency must also be prepared to render help and assistance to other jurisdictions when requested under the provisions of Mutual Aid. However, the manner by which these services are provided will depend upon how elevated the threat becomes, how specific the level of danger is directed to either Mayberry or to areas within the County region. The higher the threat condition and the more precise the terrorist threat becomes, the less the agency will be able to provide nonessential and non-emergency services.
D. Suspicious Circumstances
Terrorist acts can occur in any community. Another way in which to prevent terrorism is to identify individuals who may be performing surveillance activities at one of the area critical facilities or at another potential target location. Department personnel will be alert to the following indicators of suspicious activity during the course of their assigned duties or when making security checks of designated critical facilities. The existence of one or more of these behaviors will serve to justify reasonable suspicion to stop and detain an individual(s) for a field interview.
1. Multiple sightings of the same individual(s) or vehicle(s), especially at or near any of the critical facilities and infrastructures;
2. Individuals sitting in a parked vehicle for extended periods, especially near one of the government buildings or in close proximity to one of the critical facilities;
3. Any person who does not fit into the surrounding environment by wearing improper attire for the location or season;
4. Individuals discreetly drawing pictures, taking notes, or photographs in an area not normally of interest to tourists, such as locations for security cameras at one of the critical facilities, railroad tracks, interstate bridges, dams, power substations, or water pumping or holding facilities;
5. Any person who exhibits unusual behavior, such as staring or quickly looking away from other individuals as they enter or leave government buildings or one of the critical facilities;
6. Any person detained with multiple sets of clothing, identifications, sketching materials, or still/video cameras; or
7. Questions directed at officers by individuals, who attempt to appear benign, about security measures, critical infrastructure with Rock Hill, or inquiries about agency response capabilities.
E. Suspicious Person Handling Procedures
Any suspicious individual(s) exhibiting one or more of the above listed behaviors, will be temporarily detained and a field interview conducted. During the course of the interview, other threat indicators may be identified, such as the existence of altered identification documents or documents that indicate multiple identities. The following are questions that will be asked during the detention:
Do you have a license? If so, thoroughly examine for any indication that it may be false, belong to another, or for the existence of spelling errors.
Do you have vehicle registration? Be especially alert for car rental documents. Compare with other forms of identifications presented or uncovered.
Are you a U.S. Citizen? It is against the law for foreign nationals to claim U.S. citizenship (18 USC 911). If U.S. Citizenship is not claimed, ask to see immigration documents, such as a passport or visa and insure that I-94 form is stapled inside of passport.
Where are you going and where are you coming from?
Where do you live and for how long?
Who else resides with you?
Where did you live prior to your current address?
Where do you work and for how long? What are your duties?
Who is your supervisor?
Where were you born?
Request permission to search individuals' motor vehicle.
All field interviews of suspicious individuals detained will be documented on a Field Interview Form.
If suspicions continue, detain the individual and contact the FBI's Joint Anti-Terrorism Task Force in Columbia at (803)551-4200. (CALEA: LE 46.3.2)
F. Indicators of Weapons of Mass Destruction
Unusual or suspicious packages found near sensitive locations, such as near air intake/HVAC systems or enclosed spaces.
Unusual powders or liquids/droplets/mists/clouds, especially if discovered near air intake/HVAC systems.
Any reports of tampering or break-in to a facility containing chemicals or hazardous materials.
Reports or discovery of dead animals.
Unexplained or unusual odors.
Any sightings of unusual spraying or reports of spray devices.
Any indicators of Weapons of Mass Destruction will be forwarded to the Detective Division for further investigation.
G. Intelligence Gathering and Reporting (CALEA: LE 46.3.2)
1. It is vital that all Field Interviews performed as a result of observed suspicious activity as outlined above, be thoroughly documented. Command Staff and Shift Supervisors will review such information in order to identify any patterns or multiple sightings of possible terrorist activities. It is especially important that Field Interview reports submitted by members on various shifts be reviewed for possible follow-up action.
2. Other intelligence about potential terrorist threats within the jurisdiction or potential use of WMD devices may be provided by federal and state law enforcement sources. Accordingly, the Department relies heavily on the receipt of timely information published by the Federal and State Departments of Homeland Security, the FBI, and the Joint Terrorism Task Force. (CALEA: LE 46.3.1)
3. Citizens are encouraged to report any unusual or suspicious activities to law enforcement personnel through various communication avenues to include (CALEA: 46.3.3):
a) Telephone
b) Email
c) U.S. Postal Service
d) Crime Stoppers
e) Walk-in reporting
4. The Department website maintains an active link to the Homeland Security Advisory System to advise citizens of the current terrorist threat level. (CALEA: 46.3.3)
H. Preliminary and Follow-Up Investigations
1. The responding officer will conduct a preliminary investigation to determine if the activities may be terrorist related. An incident report will be completed that documents the results of the investigation and forwarded to the Detective Division for follow-up investigation.
2. During the course of performing initial and follow-up investigations, Department personnel will be alert for circumstances involving false identity or any use of altered or stolen identity documents.
3. Suspicions of possible terrorist activity should arise when responding to otherwise routine criminal activity. The following are examples of situations that may require further inquiry for possible terrorist involvement:
Cases involving identity theft of document fraud (with special attention to utilities and cell phones.
Reports of stolen/recovered chemicals, explosives, or related devices.
Theft of rental vehicles, fuel tankers, ambulances, aircraft, utility trucks, or law enforcement vehicles.
Unauthorized use of aircraft or reports of suspicious crop dusting; any vandalism to railroad facilities or equipment, to road bridges, or to other infrastructure.
Complaints about unusual weapons firing or the detonation of explosives in areas not normally used for such activities are just examples.
4. A report of unauthorized computer based intrusion by the Utilities Department or other entity of city government, electric provider, or medical treatment facility will be investigated for possible terrorist links.
I. Incident Command and Unified Command
A. The Incident Command System (ICS) is a method of emergency realignment of normal operating management structure to be utilized by the Mayberry Police Department during disasters, civil disturbances, emergencies, or unusual occurrences as needed. The Mayberry Police Department's ICS will comply with the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) guidelines.
B. The Incident Command System utilizes four major components (Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance) under the command of an Incident Commander. The Incident Commander is in overall command of the entire event.
C. Unified Command places a single individual in command of an incident where more than one City Department or where outside resources are used. Depending on the nature of the disaster, a commander from the City Department with the greatest expertise and responsibility for mitigating the event will become the Incident Commander and will direct the activities of all responding agencies under the Unified Command process.
J. Alert and Recall
The Communications Center shall be the main Communications relay system and shall operate as it does during normal operations. Additional staff from other Police Units may be utilized during emergencies for assistance with Communications support function.
K. Alert Stages
If prior knowledge of a major event or possible mobilization is available, departmental staff may be placed on alert status. Alert status requires all off-duty members of the department to be able to respond within one hour of any subsequent notice. Members of the department may continue normal activities until recalled but should take steps to ensure their ability to respond such as:
Refraining from consuming alcoholic beverages
Ensuring necessary uniforms and equipment are prepared.
L. Operational Stages:
Level I ‑ An emergency, which requires immediate response to calls for service and the utilization of all on duty Patrol personnel to control the situation, except those necessary to handle priority calls for service.
Level II ‑ An emergency which requires all available on duty personnel (sworn and civilian) to respond to the situation, except those necessary to handle priority calls for services.
3. Level III ‑ An emergency, which prevents immediate response to other calls for service, cannot be controlled by all available on duty personnel, and requires the recall of off-duty personnel. Note - At Level III, all leave may be canceled, except for sick or injured personnel.
Level IV ‑ Any emergency, which is beyond the capability of the City of Mayberry to control with only its own resources.
N. The authorization for mobilization is as follows:
Level I - Patrol Sergeant and above
Level II - (Sergeant/Lieutenant) and above
Level III - Operations Bureau Commander and above
Level IV - Chief of Police
O. Requests for Assistance
Requests for assistance in the event of a terrorist incident may include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. Mutual Aid of local police and/or fire agencies.
2. State Law Enforcement agencies.
3. Military agencies as approved by the Mayor (National Guard, etc.).
4. Federal Law Enforcement agencies (Federal Bureau of Investigations, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, Immigration, etc.)
P. Mobilization Response
1. When reporting for duty in an emergency situation, Department personnel should plan on being away from home for an extended period and should make arrangements for their family's care as well as their own personal needs.
2. All responding personnel shall report to the designated area as notified, regardless of their organizational assignment. All personnel, including those in the Criminal Investigations Section, may be utilized on assignments (which deviate from their normal assignment) that will require them to report to an alternate location in Class "A" Uniform, unless otherwise directed (Refer to the Department General Order "Uniform Standards and Personal Appearance").
3. All personnel will bring their issued operational equipment to include their issued personal protective gear, spare uniforms and clothing, unless otherwise directed.
4. Transportation to the Police Department is the responsibility of all sworn and civilian personnel. If possible, efforts will be made to escort personnel to the Police Department Headquarters or staging area if necessary.
5. The Police Department Headquarters will be the primary staging area. However, it may be necessary to report to an alternate staging area (i.e. Town Hall), other than the main police building, due to a large crowd or demonstration. Personnel shall be advised where to report when they are notified to report for duty.
6. At Level IV, all vacations and days off, except sick leave, will be canceled.
7. All other Department personnel shall be assigned as needed.
Q. Debriefing
At the conclusion of the incident, a debriefing may be conducted under the direction of the Chief of Police or designee.
R. Review & Reporting
A formal review of the response to the terrorist incident will be conducted under the direction of the Chief of Police. This may include a Review Board to determine the adequacy of departmental procedures, equipment, and staffing needs. At the conclusion of the review, a formal report will be submitted to the Chief of Police.
