In early 1945, Masaru Ibuka started a radio repair shop in a bomb-damaged department store building in Nihonbashi Tokyo. The other year, his colleague joined him. As a result they came out as a company that called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K. In the japans language and Whose meaning in English is Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation. They start working to develop electronic items and they came out with the japan's first tape recorder that is called Type-G.
In early 1950s, Ibuka went to the United States. He found out about the Bell Lab invention of the transistor. He went to bell labs and make an agreement to Bell and he is agreed to licence the transistor technology to his company in Japan. During that period all Americans companies were researching transistors for their military applications, Ibuka and Morita looked to apply it to communications. Although the American companies Regency and Texas Instruments built the first transistor radios, it was Ibuka's company that made them commercially successful for the first time. Sony name is chosen for the brand and its is the mix of two words Latin and american. The one word is the Latin word Sonus which is the root of sound and sonic and the 2nd mix was the sonny. That is a familiar term that been used in early 1950s in USA for calling a boy.
2 Present Situation ,
in the present the Sony is going to launch first-ever global experience of 3D of the Fifa world cup. In a speech for the Sony World Photography Awards ceremony in Cannes earlier this year, HRH The Prince of Wales said "photographic images can tell a compelling story about the truth of the situation, and the truth is that if we lose the fight against tropical deforestation, then we lose the fight against climate change."
Working closely with the PRP on these exhibitions, Sony has combined its commitment to the environment with its years of technological expertise, giving visitors the opportunity to relive Daniel's incredible journey. Augmenting the stunning imagery with a selection of sounds, projections, videos and even smells, visitors to the exhibitions will be treated to a uniquely full interactive sensory experience. Commenting on the exhibitions the PRP's Senior Director, Justin Mundy, said: "Daniel Beltrá's stunning new images taken in the Amazon, Democratic Republic of Congo and Indonesia tell a compelling story. Most people will never manage to experience the beauty of the rainforests first hand and these exhibitions in London, Paris and Berlin will play a crucial role in raising awareness of the importance of preserving the rainforests in the fight against climate change."
Role of Technology
Customer relationship management.
To Manage the development and deployment of the new customer
service is the best performance of a best customers relationship. Sony
has online customers service all over the world. Sony sails point are evry
part of the world.
Sony application based on the Sword caboodle platform .Now Sony is
doing 100% perfect business process management system interaction
which will help the Sony to customer intimacy and provide high level
customers service to customer relationship to support Sony business
growth, this is said by Vincent Trentels, CIS Business Development
Manager at Dimension Data in Europe. The project we have delivered for
Sony Europe is a perfect example of how Sword Ciboodle can work with a
world-leading brand name to deliver a customer oriented solution that
also has a deeper strategic value to the business," said Kenny Bain, CEO,
Sword Ciboodle EMEA. "This is yet another successful implementation of
Sword Ciboodle in an outstanding year for this company - a year that has
been very hard on other companies in this sector - and we are looking
forward to continuing this success as we move into 2010."
Sword Ciboodle helps improve the way large organisations interact with their customers. The combination of award-winning, process-managed CRM software and specialist consulting and delivery services help Sword Ciboodle's clients achieve higher revenues from their customers and reduce operational costs. Sword Ciboodle is consistently recognised by industry analysts as one of the world's leading customer-centric technology providers.
Sword Group delivers high value business applications to the world's largest companies globally. With operations in 37 countries, Sword today employs over 2000 people and in fiscal year ending December 2007 generated $263m in consolidated revenue. An international leader in the delivery of Business Process Improvement solutions, Sword's skills, infrastructure and experience help our customers across regulated industries optimise performance, increase efficiencies and maximise return on investment.
With flexible delivery options, including On Demand and On Premises, combined with our extensive industry expertise, Sword provides comprehensive support to customers across insurance & healthcare, energy, banking & finance, telecoms, utilities, engineering & construction and government.
Dimension Data plc (LSE:DDT), a specialist IT services and solution provider, helps clients plan, build, support and manage their IT infrastructures. Dimension Data applies its expertise in networking, converged communications, security, data centre and storage, Microsoft and contact centre technologies, and its unique skills in consulting, integration and managed services to create
Sony Europe consolidates its CRM application with Sword
The recession and today's hypercompetitive business environment make it more important than ever to keep your customers happy. To offer dependable service and valuable expertise on an ongoing basis, your business simply can't afford downtime.
Resolving technical issues quickly, or avoiding them altogether, requires an active IT maintenance plan. It doesn't have to be complicated or time-consuming; regular antivirus scans and data backups, and having help available on a moment's notice, can prevent costly business interruptions and even help you get a jump on your competition.<-----
5- Technological Advancements
Digital convergence is the latest and greatest techno-buzzword. It promises us a world where all our disparate consumer electronics and personal computing devices coexist peacefully, communicate, and seamlessly integrate to serve all our entertainment and informational needs. This begs the question: When will it arrive?
Some convergence is so intuitive that it's hard to imagine it not happening. Combining complementary services into a single device, such as a cell phone that can also do messaging and send e-mail, is a prime example. The result is a communications device that provides us with access to the main ways we already communicate.
Other ideas aren't as straightforward; they cater to lifestyle choices rather than marrying similar technologies. Merging a mobile phone and a digital camera is one such example. This isn't a combination that necessarily leads you to question how you ever lived without it; it's more of a "that's so neat" reaction.
The vision of many companies including Sony, Apple, and Microsoft is a changing of our computer and home entertainment system into a do-every-thing, one-in all solutions. Functions of these now separate devices will be available through one device or system, presumably built around our televisions or home theatres
The increasing numbers of images producing by CCTV cameras as a evidence in the court about the driving problems. That has been solved by Sony by providing a mini van having CCTV to capture images from the drivers and as well as the criminals
6 Critical Examination
Sony BMG's most recent attempt at copy-protection is a software package they call extended copy protection
(XCP). XCP software is intended to limit the end user's ability to use the music they purchase, by restricting
how many times it can be copied and monitoring when the music is accessed.
When you first insert a CD with Sony's XCP software on it into your computer you are presented with Sony's
End User License Agreement (EULA). The EULA tells you that in order to access the music contained on
the CD you are required to "install a small proprietary software program … onto your computer. The
software is intended to protect the audio files embodied on the CD, and it may also facilitate your use of the
digital content. Once installed, the software will reside on your computer until removed or deleted.
However, the software will not be used at any time to collect any personal information from you, whether
stored on your computer or otherwise" [44].
This software maintains a list of what songs you have copied to your hard drive from protected CDs and how
many times you have copied each song to a blank CD or portable media player. While the XCP software
remains active, this list is used to prevent the user from copying any song more than three times. Once a song
is copied a third time, the software disables the ability to copy that song, but the song remains playable on the
The following timeline starts on August 1, 2003, when Sony BMG first admitted they started releasing copy
protection software on CDs. The timeline continues until February, 2006 and notes each significant event
which directly relates to Sony BMG's XCP software.
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PAST
August 1, 2003: Sony BMG began to market and sell compact discs (CDs) containing copy protection
software. The copy protection software allows a consumer to copy music from the CD into a digital file on
their computer. The digital file could then be used by the consumer for specific authorized uses, such as
copying to approved portable devices or onto no more than three blank CDs. [25]
June 1, 2005: Sony BMG Music Entertainment had sold more than one million copies of CDs which contain
technology from First 4 Internet (F4I), a company in the United Kingdoms which specializes in software to
prevent piracy. F4I created a software package known as XCP for release on Sony BMG CDs. The XCP
software is designed to limit the number of copies consumers are allowed to make of protected disks. Sony
BMG did not release the titles of the CDs which contain this XCP software. Sony BMG planned for a large
portion of CDs they market and sell to have some form of copy protection software. [38]
OCTOBER 2005
October 31, 2005: Mark Russinovich, of Sysinternals, scanned his system with a product designed by
Sysinternals called RootKitRevealer (RKR). Russinovich discovered that his system had been infected by
some form of rootkit software. Using RKR, Russinovich determined the name of the driver which was
running the rootkit software on his system. By simply renaming that driver and rebooting his computer, he
disabled the cloaking effect of the rootkit. Once the cloaking technology was removed, he was checked the
digital signatures of the files which were being cloaked and discovered they were produced by F4I.
After realizing the connection between F4I and Sony BMG, Russinovich remembered he had just bought a
Van Zant CD which had been released by Sony BMG. He inserted the CD and watched as previously cloaked
processes on his computer came to life. This confirmed that the CD he had purchased was linked to F4I's
software, and therefore Sony BMG was responsible for installing a rootkit on millions of consumers'
computers. [41]
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NOVEMBER 2005
November 2, 2005: Sony BMG and F4I released a patch for their XCP software, with the following
announcement: "This Service Pack removes the cloaking technology component that has been recently
discussed in a number of articles published regarding the XCP Technology used on Sony BMG content
protected CDs. This component is not malicious and does not compromise security. However, to alleviate
any concerns that users may have about the program posing potential security vulnerabilities, this update has
been released to enable users to remove this component from their computers." [12]
November 3, 2005: Ed Felten, a professor of Computer Science and Public Affairs at Princeton, did a short
analysis of the Service Pack released by Sony BMG. He contested that this patch is much too large for its only
purpose to be disabling the cloaking technology. As Russinovich proved, the cloaking technology could be
disabled by simply renaming the rootkit's driver file, which could be done in only a few lines of code, and a
considerably smaller patch. The patch contained new copies of nearly every file in the rootkit along with
several new files. [18]
November 4, 2005: Representatives from Sony BMG interviewed with National Public Radio (NPR). Sony
executives objected to the use of the terms, "spyware, malware, and rootkit," when referencing their XCP
software. However, their software is a rootkit by definition and design. During the interview, Thomas Hesse,
President of Global Digital Business at Sony BMG, said, "Most people, I think, don't even know what a
rootkit is, so why should they care about it?" However, several years ago most people did not know what a
Trojan virus was, but Trojan viruses are some of the most destructive viruses on the Internet. [47]
November 11, 2005: Sony BMG vowed to stop shipping CDs with XCP software installed. Sony BMG also
stated it still believes it has the right to prevent customers from illegally burning copies of its CDs and made
the following statement: "We also intend to re-examine all aspects of our content protection initiative to be
sure that it continues to meet our goals of security and ease of consumer use." [12]
-25-
November 12, 2005: Matti Nikki, a researcher from Finland, discovered that Sony BMG's uninstaller, from
November 3, does much more than Sony BMG stated. To download the uninstaller, you first had to accept a
Sony ActiveX control into your system. This ActiveX control is designed in such a way that once you install
it, scripts from any website you view in the future can use the functions which it includes. This control
contained approximately 23 functions, including ones that allow foreign scripts to see if you are logged in as
an administrator, install or uninstall software updates, and reboot your computer. There are other functions
named GetAlbumArtist, GetAlbumName, GetMaxBurnCount, GetCurrentBurnCount, and
IsContentOwnerValid. These names seem to be self explanatory; they appear to allow foreign scripts which
you view in any browser with ActiveX installed to see the status of all digital music on your computer. [32]
November 14, 2005: Felten and an associate, J. Alex Halderman, confirmed Nikki's report on the Sony BMG
uninstaller. They elaborated about what the uninstaller actually does. The ActiveX control was written by F4I
and is called CodeSupport. CodeSupport remained active on your system after you are done running the
uninstaller on Sony BMG's site, and is flagged safe for scripting by other websites. "One thing CodeSupport
can be told to do is download and installed code from an Internet site. Unfortunately, CodeSupport doesn't
verify that the downloaded code actually came from Sony or First4Internet," write Felten and Halderman.
This means that any website author can package a malicious program within their website, and if you ever
view that website with Internet Explorer, after having installed CodeSupport, the malicious code will be
installed automatically. [19]
November 14, 2005: Sony BMG Music Entertainment announced that it will pull some of the more popular
CDs which contain XCP from store shelves. Sony BMG stated that more than twenty titles were released
with XCP software, more than 4 million CDs of those titles were produced, and approximately 2.1 million
have already sold. Sony BMG planned to release details of a consumer exchange program later in the week.
GLOBAL IMPACT
Dan Kaminsky, an independent internet security researcher, has performed a world-wide investigation on how extensive the reach of Sony BMG's XCP software has been. He cites a research paper by Luis Grangeia, "DNS Cache Snooping", which introduces the idea that DNSs around the globe are externally testable. This means that anyone, anywhere, can ask a DNS if it has recently witnessed a query for a specific internet address, assuming they have a list of DNSs. [26] Kaminsky has compiled a list of approximately three million DNSs. His study asked those DNSs if they hadwitnessed queries for either Sony BMG's XCP address or First4Internet's updater address. He found that well over five-hundred thousand servers had witnessed a call to one or both of those addresses. Another threehundred and fifty thousand servers which reported they had seen these calls had to be ignored because they use recursive reporting. This means that they checked their own cache as well as the cache of servers near them. [26]
FUTURE POSSIBILITIES
The states of New York and Florida both have investigations in progress which are looking into the issues concerning Sony BMG's XCP software. The Attorney Generals of both States have yet to file any suits or charges against Sony BMG. The settlement agreement in the Michaelson v. Sony BMG case states the involved parties expect that "Sony BMG will have entered into an enforceable, nationwide agreement resolving one or more of the Government inquiries…(which) include, at least, restrictions on Sony BMG's future conduct" with the Attorney General of New York. [49] May 1 and 22, 2006 will be important dates for people across the United States who purchased XCP CDs. On May 1, the injunction in the Hearing Order will take full effect, and people will no longer have the option of filing individual complaints against Sony BMG. The Fairness Hearing will take place on the May 22 and the Settlement Agreement could be finalized. If it does, Sony BMG will have a limited amount of time to setup the Incentive program. The individual lawsuits against Sony BMG are still a very important factor in the continuation of the Settlement Agreement. Mark Lyon's request for exclusion from the Temporary Restraining Order was approved, and his lawsuit will be continuing. His claims have the capability to result in damages much greater than the Incentive Program proposed in the Michaelson case, which could encourage many other people to request exclusion from the Class Action Settlement and file individual actions. Cooke also has a notice of appeal filed with the US Court of Appeals. At this time the actual appeal has not been filed or made public. If his appeal is filed and approved, the Fairness Hearing could be delayed and the Temporary Restraining Order could be rescinded. A delay in the Fairness Hearing would give more time for the Lyon's lawsuit to complete, and if the restraining order is removed it opens the possibility for lawsuits against Sony BMG across the country.
A number of authors (particularly, January 1988) have argued that IT has and will have a revolutionary impact on the role of managers in organizations, and consequently on the numbers of layers of structure in the organization.
Since other research suggests that the most financially successful companies have four fewer layers of organization than the least successful, the implications for restructuring seem obvious! With electronic communication systems salesmen or production line workers can be directly provided with more information than ever before, whilst top-level staff can obtain immediate summaries of their performance and be alerted to units performing below par through executive information system's 'exception reporting' facilities. What need of middle management?
Another argument is that integrated information systems will enable previously separate functions like accounting and clerical processing to all be brought together under one integrated management, thus enabling (for instance) a particular class of customer only to be dealt with by one office rather than several. Hence a much more flexible and competitive service can be given to individual customers.
