Cell breathing contain min-max load balancing. IEEE 802.11, load balancing, WLAN, and combinational optimization these all are using in cell breathing for load balancing in wireless LANs. In this method a new technique that achieves load balancing by reducing the cell size, which is conceptually similar so that called cell breathing method in cellular network. In cell breathing consider access point, and it considers the problem of network-wide min-max load balancing. In access point for example, take a cell, it is working through signal but signal will be coming from tower. So tower is an access point. Some where it is low frequency and some where it is high frequency so, it is not balancing that's way it will be coming network problem that's way we are using access point. In lower place set some frequency after words it will be solved. Wireless LAN is called min-max load balancing. If it is impossible to reduce the load of any AP without decreasing the load of other APs with equal or higher load. It will be require a particular attractive neither standard modification nor user. It consists load balancing via user-AP association control, cell breathing for load balancing, min-max load balancing algorithms. In cell breathing, for example, it contain three variable assume with WLANs there are a, b, and c. a, b, and c values are initiating 1, 3, and 7 respectively. B has higher load than other two APs networks by reducing the transmission power of b, the cell size will be reducing automatically. As the results, total number of user can associated with the three APs. So the values are assumed 2, 5, and 8 respectively. (Yigal, Bejerano and Stung-Jae Han Bell).
1. Load Balancing in Wireless LANs:
According to author Eduard Garcia Louis Fazio Rafael Vidal Joseph Para dells, Wireless LANs using load balance and load balancing is a cellular network. Wireless LAN does not implement load mechanism in IEEE 802.11. (Godfrey Tan and John Gut tag, 2005) it is most prevalent in WLAN technology because it is based on high rate and cost of effectiveness. Infrastructure node is composed of every node working with access point (AP). Base system is connected to a distributer system. Multiple access points also connected to each other with a wired infrastructure. WLAN is differences between wireless nodes and the wired infrastructure. The communication patterns in WLANs will consist of a one-hop communication and two-hop communication.
1.1 Load Balancing of Access Points:
According to author balachandram load balancing should have performs the admission control and users select the access point with the low level amount of load upon entering the network. Each mobile node was having lower and higher bounds. Judd and steenkiste says WLANs contain two access points', it will cover same area having different loads. WLAN have two access points, covering the same area are constantly having different loads so, here considered two loads as one overloaded and other under-utilized. Different access points starts with load balancing functionalities, so the remaining authors identifies the Judd mistake that is the access point working with such functionalities and it contain current load so that mobile nodes can make a better decision about which access point to attach to it.
1.2 Characterization of WLAN usage:
In this method it can consider some common observations among this topic. In case any person using mobile, that person should have access point varies widely. An access point was having some correlation with the associated users. Finally all authors agree with balachadram and said that the numbers of users should have basic of load at access point.
1.3 Association Control Schemes and Load Balancing:
According to author Chutima Prommak and Airisa Jantaweetip, the association control scheme contains two models as namely the maximum signal stretch (MSF) and minimum load first (MLF). MSF will come, to connect with incoming session with access point (AP). The user will be able to communicate with the access point and suitable for a particular environment on that time. MSF main aim is to the maximum number of user sessions can be associated with APs. MLF having access points and it will connect to one and other. Main aim is to distribute connection request pass to the other AP's. The first one MSF is association control scheme that connects an incoming session with the access point (AP) it is provide highest signal strength. The user will be able to communicate the AP and the highest data rate available in that environment. Minimum load can be described as a linear programming model and the main aim is to maximize the number of sessions it can be associated with APs in the system. MLF main aim is to distribute connection request to other APs, it will provide signal to the user location rather than associating user to merely AP that yields the highest signal strength.
2. Cell Breathing Techniques:
According to author Rafael Vidal, cell breathing techniques consist of dynamically modifying cell dimensions by increasing or reducing transmitted signal power. In our case, a highly congested AP reduces its coverage radius so that the farthest stations lose connectivity and try to roam to less loaded APs. Moreover, the probabilities that new clients associate with that AP are reduced. An under-utilized APs may increase its transmitted power in order to expand its coverage so new users will roam to it, thus reducing its neighbors' load.
According to author Springer Berlin Heidelberg, cell breathing is a cellular network into WLANs for load balancing. Here using fairness and effectiveness there both are quite opposite in cell breathing. Supply-demand model (SDM) is working with cell breathing or based on cell breathing. SDM classifies into an AP, it contain two methods as demand power and supply power. SDM did not need multiple iterations and it can avoid frequent user from frequent power change.
2.1 Feasible Solutions:
Feasible solution contains layer of mechanisms. In layer1 consists nodes and each node can send its signal information in a broadcast frame, reached by the all nodes that is one-hope routing. One is added or the end of the receiving nodes frames the origin nodes two-hope routing. The load balancing accommodates three different messages as SOS, Relief and Discharge. This information is relevant to 1-hop routing and no need to support any additional field to support forwarding.
3. Load Balancing via User-AP Association Control:
3.1 FAIRNESS AND LOAD BALANCING:
According to author Yigal Bejerano, it is associated two models as single association model also known as integral association. Second one multiple association models also know as fractional association. In first one at any time each of the user is associated with a single AP by given time and it is association model and it is used in IEEE 802.11 networks. Second one each associated with several APs and get communication services from them simultaneously.
3.2 Max-Min Fairness:
According to author SeungJae Han it provides a fair service, if all users have the same bandwidth. The common approach, that is to address this issue of fairness allocation that also maximizes the network throughput to provide max-min fairness. The band width of weighed is also called as max-min fairness.
3.3 Cell Breathing for Load Balancing:
According to author Olivia Brinkley, Susan Rea, Dirk Pesch , cell breathing for load balancing is a set frequency for mobile, cell breathing includes BSS (basic service set area) and QoS (Quality of services). Cell breathing in a cellular wireless network arrange balance the load between accesses point (APs) and improve the QoS in the network. Incase reducing the transmit power coverage area of APs it will automatically increasing other side. Incase the load becomes too high in BSS the AP becomes overloaded with traffic and so many stations connecting for access to the wireless medium. The access points will be high then the bandwidth will be automatically increased.
3.4 On-Line Strategy:
On line strategy is a combination of the global optimization. On-line strategy accommodates three parameters as minimum load threshold, cell adaption threshold and time threshold. Local optimization algorithm is different from global optimization and it can uses for decreasing the power of AP level and also increases it.
Development Methodology:
Cell breathing for load balancing contains some methodologies, mentioned some techniques and processes. Cell breathing should have an access point. Signals will be coming through network of tower here tower is an access point. To developed the cell breathing techniques it will use load balancing in warless network, cell breathing techniques, max-min fairness, load balancing in access point, on-line strategy. In load balancing method WLANs used load balancing and load balancing is a cellular network. It does not implement any load balancing in IEEE 802.11 because it can base on high cost. Multiple access points also using in wired infrastructure. In load balancing is an access point; WLANs contain two types as overloaded and under-utilized. Each user having nodes from cell, access point can work in lower and higher frequencies. In association control schemes and load balancing compose two types there are MSF and MLF. MSF can communicate with an access point in suitable for environment. MLF having each node, each and every user comprehend nodes, the maximum number of user sessions can be allocated with access point. In MLF method enclose AP's but communication with each and other. Cell breathing techniques using two modules such as fairness and effectiveness these two are quite opposite. Supply demand model (SDM) is working with cell breathing and multiple access points are no need to SDM and it can avoid frequent user from frequent power.
Gantt chart:
