Type 2 diabetes in the past was called the noninsulin dependent diabetes and is the most common form of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is when the body does not produce enough insulin, In type 2 diabetes, either the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin. Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to use glucose for energy. When you eat food, the body breaks down all of the sugars and starches into glucose, which is the basic fuel for the cells in the body. Insulin takes the sugar from the blood into the cells. When glucose builds up in the blood instead of going into cells, it can lead to diabetes complications ("Types, Causes, Symptoms, Tests, and" ... n.d.),(" Health Care Quality Matters " n.d.),(" Type 2 Diabetes International - Metabolic Surgery to Reverse T2D". n.d.)The exact cause of type 2 diabetes is not yet understood. Type 2 diabetes is likely caused by various factors and not a particular health problem. Type 2 diabetes is known also to have a strong genetic connection and can run in families. Several genes have already been studied that maybe a source of type 2 diabetes": ("The Truth about Diabetes" . n.d.)
Symptoms
"The most common symptoms can be increased thirst, frequent urination, headaches as well many others. Sometimes people do not experience any symptoms. Even small things like a wound that will not heal, reoccurring infections, and bladder infections are common among signs of type 2 diabetes. Early detection is the key in diabetes type 2."("Signs of Type 2 Diabetes - Headaches, Hunger, Frequent ..." n.d.)
Testing for Diabetes
"Testing for type 2 diabetes is ordered by the patient doctor and can be done primarily as outpatient procedure so no need for hospital stays. The following information is on what tests can be performed and used to diagnosis type 2 diabetes. A fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association." Author Unknown, APA: How did the doctor test if you had diabetes? Before a patient takes the blood glucose test, he or she will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours. During blood glucose, test, blood will be drawn from the patient and sent to a lab for analysis normal fasting blood glucose or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter for people who do not have diabetes. However, if the patient has normal fasting blood sugar, but the patient has risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, the doctor may want to do a glucose tolerance test to be sure that the patient do not have diabetes. The patient is not required to refrain from eating prior to this test and shows similar results. The oral glucose tolerance test is yet another method used to diagnose diabetes fasting glucose levels." ( Woerle, Forouhi, Phillips, n.d)
Treatment
"Some people who have type 2 diabetes can manage their blood sugar with diet and exercise alone, but many need diabetes medications or insulin therapy. Some studies indicate that early intervention with medication, even before the A1C is significantly elevated, may improve control of blood sugar levels over time. The decision in which medications are best depended on many factors, including the patient's blood sugar level and the presence of any other health problems the patient doctor might even combine drugs from different classes to help the patient manage the patient blood sugar in several different ways." ("Type 2 diabetes: Treatments and drugs "n.d.)
Diabetes Medications - Often, people who are newly diagnosed will be prescribed oral medication such as pills this diabetes medication will lower glucose production in the liver. The doctor will also recommend lifestyle changes, such as losing weight and becoming more involved. Injected medications can be added to treat type 2 diabetes Discuss the pros and cons of different drugs with the doctor Because normal digestion interferes with insulin taken by mouth, insulin must be Insulin injections involve using a thin needle and syringe or an insulin pen injector - a device that looks like an ink pen, except the cartridge is filled with insulin. Types of insulin are many and include rapid-acting insulin, long-acting insulin, and intermediate options lower glucose in different ways. ("Type 2 diabetes: Treatments and drugs" n.d.)
Bariatric Surgery -If the patient has type 2 diabetes and the patient body mass index (BMI) are greater than 35; the patient may be a candidate for weight-loss surgery (bariatric surgery). Blood sugar levels return to normal in 55 to 95 percent of people with diabetes, depending on the procedure performed." ("Type 2 diabetes: Treatments and drugs " n.d.)
Prevention
"It is found that people losing five to seven percent of their body weight can prevent and delay the onset of diabetes. The key to prevention of type 2 diabetes is increased exercise and physical activity and a well-balanced reduced fat diet. A new Diabetes Prevention Program has been established by the Nation Institutes for Health. In the DPP, modest weight loss proved effective in preventing or delaying type 2 diabetes in all groups at high risk for the disease. The Department of Health and Human Services' NDEP is mobilizing its partners at the national, state, and local levels to promote the DPP's findings. Preventing type 2 diabetes can cause a healthier and longer life without serious complications from the disease such as heart disease stroke, blind ness, kidney failure, and amputations." ("Small Steps Big Rewards" n.d.)
Maintenance and Conclusion
"Diet and physical activity are critically needed in the management of the ABCs (A1C, Blood pressure, and Cholesterol) of type 2 diabetes. In effectively managing A1C (hemoglobin A1C) and blood sugar levels, it is necessary to understand how to balance food intake, physical activity, and medication. Making healthy food choices every day has both immediate and long-term effects. With education, practice, and assistance from a dietitian (" Type 1 diabetes mellitus and diet."(n.d.) Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition, but people with diabetes can produce a full life while keeping their diabetes under control. Lifestyle modifications (changes in daily habits) are an essential component of any diabetes management system"(" For all of you who care ..."n.d.)
