Abstract The design of multiband antenna by a single microstrip antenna is observed in this paper.It is designed with three band central frequency.In this design we use the new technique of inserting rectangular and triangular slots. The antenna is suitable for frequencies 2.36 GHz, 2.8 GHz & 4.41 GHz.Also size of antenna was reduced to increase its performance.This type of antenna has different mobile communication applications such as WLAN,Bluetooth etc. Introduction Microstrip patch antenn...
In today's cutthroat competition between airlines, only those airlines operating the entire gamut of air and ground operations at optimum efficiency will survive. The principal contributor to an airline's bottom line is the quality of aircraft it operates. The same competition exists between the manufacturers as well, with an identical base criterion, i.e., the quality of aircraft they produce. Essentially, the governing factor is the maximum number of passengers that can be flown the longest...
Anti reflection (AR) coatings are thin films (typically comprising of carefully constructed stacks of thin layers with a variety of refractive indices) which are applied to exteriors in order to diminish their reflectivity through visual interference. (1) The internal reflections of the layers involved impede each other thereby causing an overall reflectance lower than that of the exposed substrate surface. These forms of coatings are used in many various applications so as to lower glare, in...
Firor, John. The changing atmosphere - A global challenge, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1990, 145 pages. The author, John Firor, is a leading meteorologist and environmentalist. Through this book, he has presented to the general audience, a highly readable explanation and interpretation of his research and his thoughts about the "Big three" atmospheric issues of today - acid rain, ozone depletion and climatic heating. He has streamlined his analysis through a generic and a non-technical ...
Quality by Design (QbD) refers to a holistic approach towards drug development. It was confirmed that the use of multivariate methods, defined as (QbD) values and tools in ICH-Q8 guidance, provides an effective means to accomplish a greater understanding of tablet dissolution upon stability.( Maltesen, 2008, Huang, 2010) QbD encompasses the idea of tools such as: critical quality attributes (CQAs); design of experiment (DOE); risk assessment; and process analytical technology (PAT) to the exp...
:Advantages of RTL,DTL AND TTL Logic circuit Introduction of Logic Gates A logic gate performs a logical operation on one or more logic inputs and produces a single logic output. The logic normally performed is Boolean logic and is most commonly found in digital circuits. Logic gates are primarily implemented electronically using diodes or transistors, but can also be constructed using electromagnetic relays, fluidics, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements. In electronic logic, a log...
2 Literature Review 2.1 The Sun The Sun is the most prominent feature in our solar system (AnonA, 2009) It is the largest object in the solar system and contains approximately 98% of the total solar system mass and has a surface temperature of approximately 5,780 K (5,510 °C) Solar energy is created deep within the core of the Sun. It is here that the temperature in excess of 15,000,000° C and pressure that is 340 billion times Earth's air pressure is so powerful that nuclear reaction...
Consider three different raster systems with resolutions of 640 by 480, 1280 by 1024, and 2560 by 2048. What size frame buffer (in bytes is needed for each of these systems to store 12 bits per pixel? How, much storage: is required for each system if 24 bits per pixel are to be stored? Suppose an RGB raster system is to be designed using an 8-inch by 10-inch screen with a resolution of 100 pixels per inch in each direction. If we want to store 6 bits per pixel in the frame buffer, how much st...
The pollutant emissions and performance of a four stroke CI engine operating on Diesel-Water blends has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. In the theoretical study, fuel combustion CFD analysis was carried out using FLUENT software to study the effect of performance and emissions for different blend ratios. Meshing of the combustion chamber was carried out using ICEM CFD by tetrahedral element. Dynamic meshing and layering techniques were used to define the movement of piston...
To understand the differences between a two stroke and four stroke engines, we need to know how the four stroke engine works. In four stroke engine there are four stages: 1- Intake: The piston travels down the cylinder while the intake valve is opened to allow a mixture of fuel and air to enter the combustion chamber. 2- Compression: The intake valve is closed and the piston travels back up the cylinder compressing the gasses. 3- Combustion: The spark plug ignites the compressed gas causing i...
