A project manager is appointed by a client who has a project that requires to be implemented. It is the project managers duty to solely represent the client and ensure that all decisions and actions are in the clients best interests. The project manager should ideally be involved at the earliest possible time and his role is to communicate, lead, organise and delegate from inception of the project to completion of the project. The project manager must communicate primarily with the client, an...
Introduction Water demand is growing gradually while the water resources are being depleted and degraded. Without achieving any efficiency levels in water usage; by 2030, the water demand will reach to a level which is 40% above the current available water resources. Since water is used in lots of sectors such as industry, agriculture and domestic activity; water scarcity will result in bringing more challenges in other areas such as food and energy security. Therefore, solving challenges in ...
Explain how risk assessments and hazard identification is carried out for specific tasks on construction and civil engineering sites. (P3) Describe a range of identifiable hazards associated with deep excavations and scaffolding when working from heights. Explain who may be at risk from these potential hazards. Deep Excavations Excavation work is a common part of construction work, it occurs almost on a daily basis; works such as foundations, service and utility access, and retaining wall ere...
Many relief scenarios involve the discharge of a two-phase fluid mixture, and the proper method for sizing the relief valve for these conditions is the subject of considerable discussion. Sizing a valve is based on the flow through an isentropic nozzle, the pressure-density relation for the fluid properties, and a discharge coefficient (Kd) to match the calculated mass flux to that measured for the flow of air or water in the actual valve. For single-phase flow, this is straightforward, since...
Energy efficiency or sometimes called efficient energy use is defined as getting similar or better level of service with less energy consumption. The energy efficiency is also defined as a reduction in the energy used for a given energy service such as use less heating and cooling energy in insulating home, lighting or other level of activity. This reduction in the energy consumption is not necessarily associated to technical changes, since it can also result from a better organization and ma...
This paper has provided a broad overview of different historic developments for concrete high-rise buildings. The evolution of concrete skyscrapers from the first reinforced concrete high-rise, the Ingalls Building, which was 15 stories high to modern skyscrapers PETRONAS Towers is discussed. How new innovations in construction technology such as the advances , techniques that are used to improve quality have all contributed to the ease of working with concrete in high-rise construction is a...
The aviation industry and in particular air carriers, are faced with the task of complying with numerous standards and regulations required by the state regulatory/authorities such as the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) as well as International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The Quality is paramount, the authorities require aviation organizations to implement and maintain a Quality Sys...
ABP was the third World Bank funded project to support the National Highway Development Program (NHDP). This project along with two other projects - Third National Highway Project (TNHP) and Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project (GTRIP) - was aimed at upgrading the National Highway 2 (NH2) between Delhi and Kolkata. Key Performance Indicators Following were the KPIs to measure the achievement of the development objective by End of Project (EOP): (i) truck operating costs reduction by at least ...
Public transportation is an essential service that must be provided by the government to its citizen. Yet, it still an issue faced by most of developing countries all over the world including Malaysia. As it begins to transform itself to become a developed country in 2020, it is a crucial to have comfortable, reliable and affordable world-class public transportation system to meet the target. According to Ministry of Transportation (2012), by having efficient transport network, several main t...
Fredrick Taylor observed that workers were often working beneath their potential and he designed a four stage method to overcome this problem; Break the job into its smallest elements Select the most qualified employees to do the job and train them to do it. Monitor the employees to ensure that they follow the prescribed methods. Continue in this way, but only use the employees that perform the work well. In 1911, Taylor published principles of scientific management in which he described meth...
