Radio communications often need a more elaborated model to reduce fading effects, which affect the power of the signal. This attenuation of the signal is mainly due to an environment of propagation rich in echoes and thus characterized by many multi-paths, but also to the relative movement of the transmitter and involving receiver causing channel temporal variations. Transmission channels types Binary Symmetric Channels BSC The binary symmetric channel (BSC) is a discrete channel of which alp...
The Electronic Book, also known as e-book, is a text and image-based device that are readable in digital devices. E-books are usually read using specific devices such as e-Readers. E-books have been introduced for some time now and it has become one of the sources of information for people around the globe. E-books have proved that it has many positive impacts. One of the positive impacts is e-books are more mobile compared to printed books. E-books can be found on the internet without any li...
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction: In a university or in a college exam timetabling is a difficult problem. Exam timetabling should be done three times an academic year in a university. We should consider lots of rules to develop an exam timetable for a particular department such as Computing. In this project "Exam timetabling using constraint satisfaction", we consider Computing department to create a time table by keeping all the constraints in mind. We need to develop user friendly s...
In these modern days where wireless applications have become important communication devices have caused the current market to require more and more wireless devices to be available for customers. Different wireless devices operate at different frequency band.For example the common basis for 3G networks will be CDMA (1.9 GHz) and Bluetooth Technology that is operating at band (2.4 GHz). These applications are required in the latest cellular phones in the market[1]. Thus, having a dual band de...
JDBC is a front-end tool for connecting to a server and is similar to ODBC however, JDBC can connect only Java client and it uses ODBC for the connectivity. JDBC is essentially a low level application programming interface. It is called a low level API since any data manipulation, storage and retrieval has to be done by the program itself. Some tools that Provide a higher level of abstraction is expected shortly. The next question is why we need JDBC, once we have ODBC on hand. We can use the...
Traditionally, diversity techniques such as frequency, space and time diversity are used to mitigate the fading introduced in wireless links. Multi-user diversity techniques; on the other hand, provide diversity by exploiting the channel fading rather than compensating it. At any given time, a user with the highest transmission quality in terms of the signal to noise ratio, is granted access to the channel. This diversity can be deployed in point to multi-point links unlike previous diversity...
Facebook is a social networking website that connects people with friends, relatives and associates. It is comparable to services like Friendster and MySpace. In February 2004, Harvard undergraduate Mark Zuckerberg and two of his roommates built the earliest version of Facebook as an alternative to Harvard's printed student directory. Facebook core service is free and supported by advertisements. The site allows individuals to create profiles that include information about anything of in...
CMOS refers to both a particular style of digital circuitry design, and the family of processes used to implement that circuitry on integrated circuits (chips). CMOS circuitry in VLSI dissipates less power when static, and is denser than other implementations having the same functionality. As this advantage has grown and become more important, CMOS processes and variants for VLSI have come to dominate, so that the vast majority of modern integrated circuit manufacturing is on VLSI technology ...
There has been a tremendous shift in the usage of Internet and web applications from over a decade ago. These changes can be attributed to the development of Web 2.0 applications. The current generation of web based Internet applications are characterized by user generated content, social interaction, and collaboration, that emphasize on harnessing collective intelligence. These features have been made possible mainly by evolution of exiting tools and technologies ï€ especially Ajax. Corpora...
Automatic scene generation using voice and text offers a unique approach to human computer interaction with 3D graphics. It is an application of techniques for generation of 3D scenes from a informal input, as a natural language description. Since this is an automatic scene generation tool it overcomes all the disadvantages of manual scene generation which requires users to adopt and learn specific graphics tools and interfaces. Automated 3D scene generation systems let ordinary users quickly...